An Introduction to Paper Engineering, Movable and Sculptural Books
Woven Flexagon:
*Opens like book, middle section opens again (Emily’s Example: 1st side has #2s on it, the middle opens up to expose the #1s)
*Must weave cards offset from top
1.Accordion fold 4 sections
2.Cut lines
3.Insert 1 card through cut lines by weaving
4.Insert last card opposite through cut lines on other side by weaving
*Keep all inserts tight and snug. Precision is rewarded!*
*Can use irregular cuts, the cuts don’t have to be straight*
The piece on the left I created outside of class for my first book.
*Opens like book, middle section opens again (Emily’s Example: 1st side has #2s on it, the middle opens up to expose the #1s)
*Must weave cards offset from top
1.Accordion fold 4 sections
2.Cut lines
3.Insert 1 card through cut lines by weaving
4.Insert last card opposite through cut lines on other side by weaving
*Keep all inserts tight and snug. Precision is rewarded!*
*Can use irregular cuts, the cuts don’t have to be straight*
The piece on the left I created outside of class for my first book.
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Tetra-Flexagon
*Not continuous cycle (Emily’s example: 1-2-3-4; 4-3-2-1). Needs glue. Rectangle in shape.
*Can use irregular cuts on these designs as long as they mirror each other.
*Not continuous cycle (Emily’s example: 1-2-3-4; 4-3-2-1). Needs glue. Rectangle in shape.
*Can use irregular cuts on these designs as long as they mirror each other.
Continuous Flexagon
*Goes through cycle (complete). Needs glue. Must be a square sheet of paper.
The piece below I created outside of class for my second book.
*Goes through cycle (complete). Needs glue. Must be a square sheet of paper.
The piece below I created outside of class for my second book.
Hexa-Flexagon
1.Score lines with bone and ruler.
2.Cut the solid lines
3.Fold in half and glue
4.Follow folds mountain versus valley
*Rotates from the center out, then pull down.
Hints: 1. Write “hexa-flexagon” correctly on correct side with correct direction as model suggests.
2. Write “glue” as model suggests.
3. Fold the L side over to match the blue line in my notes.
4. Fold R side backward to match the red line in my notes.
5. Fold R glue glap up to then glue the glue ends together face to face.
1.Score lines with bone and ruler.
2.Cut the solid lines
3.Fold in half and glue
4.Follow folds mountain versus valley
*Rotates from the center out, then pull down.
Hints: 1. Write “hexa-flexagon” correctly on correct side with correct direction as model suggests.
2. Write “glue” as model suggests.
3. Fold the L side over to match the blue line in my notes.
4. Fold R side backward to match the red line in my notes.
5. Fold R glue glap up to then glue the glue ends together face to face.
Rotating Ring (Cosmic Donut)
*Fun paper- maps, op art
*Use strong paper, VERY PERCISE FOLDS!
1. Score and fold all lines
2. Bend into “tube” by “hiding” tab A-1 and tab A-2 (glue tabs under big triangles)
3. After tube is secured, bend into ring. Tab B-1 bends over and connects to other side of ring and is glued.
4. Fold tab B-3 over, but don’t glue so movement can happen (other tabs are just folded).
5. Glue the rotating and ring flaps down
*Rotates form the center out
The rotating ring on the left is the piece that I made outside of class for my third book.
*Fun paper- maps, op art
*Use strong paper, VERY PERCISE FOLDS!
1. Score and fold all lines
2. Bend into “tube” by “hiding” tab A-1 and tab A-2 (glue tabs under big triangles)
3. After tube is secured, bend into ring. Tab B-1 bends over and connects to other side of ring and is glued.
4. Fold tab B-3 over, but don’t glue so movement can happen (other tabs are just folded).
5. Glue the rotating and ring flaps down
*Rotates form the center out
The rotating ring on the left is the piece that I made outside of class for my third book.
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Single-Piece Pop-Ups
*Need angle to be seen (if open the card all the way you can’t see the pop-up)
*Examples given: mouth
**This would make a great lesson. Have the kids start by cutting with the mouth, then they create whatever creature goes with the mouth using pencils. They will add color and texture using colored pencils, markers, etc.**
This piece on the left is the work I created outside of class for my fourth book. I will use it with elementary classes as a sample pamphlet.
*Need angle to be seen (if open the card all the way you can’t see the pop-up)
*Examples given: mouth
**This would make a great lesson. Have the kids start by cutting with the mouth, then they create whatever creature goes with the mouth using pencils. They will add color and texture using colored pencils, markers, etc.**
This piece on the left is the work I created outside of class for my fourth book. I will use it with elementary classes as a sample pamphlet.
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Multi-Piece Pop-Ups
*Multi-piece pop-up you can open all the way
*”animating the page”
*Middle line is called “gutter”
*Movement has to happen on the fold, cuts have to be on a fold, not specifically the gutter fold, but a fold
*Feet= the part that you glue for an “add-on”
*Rectangle add-on with feet cut out, “v” cut in the middle to get rid of extra paper (regarding thickness)
*Triangle, pivot, add-on with feet cut, “v” cut in the middle and notches on the edges to get rid of extra paper
*Strap is an add-on that is glued to either side of the gutter. The center of the strap rises. It must be centered on the gutter. This allows you to add pieces away from the middle of the card (gutter)
*Multi-piece pop-up you can open all the way
*”animating the page”
*Middle line is called “gutter”
*Movement has to happen on the fold, cuts have to be on a fold, not specifically the gutter fold, but a fold
*Feet= the part that you glue for an “add-on”
*Rectangle add-on with feet cut out, “v” cut in the middle to get rid of extra paper (regarding thickness)
*Triangle, pivot, add-on with feet cut, “v” cut in the middle and notches on the edges to get rid of extra paper
*Strap is an add-on that is glued to either side of the gutter. The center of the strap rises. It must be centered on the gutter. This allows you to add pieces away from the middle of the card (gutter)
Carousel Book with Pamphlet Cover
*A small booklet that is stitched together
*Use 5 or 3 holes for sewing the pages together
1. 3 HOLES: Screw in needle or make holes with a needle tool (very small holes that will be “filled” with thread). One hole is in the middle, the other two holes are ½” from the top and bottom and either side of the book.
2. 5 HOLES: Use the same method as the 3 holes, but add 2 additional holes in between the middle and top hole AND between the middle and bottom hole.
3. Use 3 times the height of the book for measurement in thread.
4. SEWING: start in the middle (where you start is where you finish. If you want the sewing to show, start from the outside of the book. If you want the sewing to be on the inside, start on the inside of the book.) Go to either side for the 2nd stitch. Go all the way to the opposite side for the 3rd stitch. Go to the middle to get back to your “start.” Don’t stitch through the thread separating it, it weakens the thread and therefor the book.
*Covers
1. The cover has 2 parts. Cut 2 pieces of paper (cardstock for strength) so 1 matches the width of the book, but longer. The other matches the length of the book, but wider (see illustration in my sketchbook).
2. Fold over sides so that 2 sheets fit the size of the book.
3. Slide pages into the cover. Use the thicker side for the outside of the book, added protection.
*Cover is important, needs to intrigue people to look inside
*Folio= single sheet of paper (folded in half)
*Bookbinder artists use blunt needles for sewing
*A small booklet that is stitched together
*Use 5 or 3 holes for sewing the pages together
1. 3 HOLES: Screw in needle or make holes with a needle tool (very small holes that will be “filled” with thread). One hole is in the middle, the other two holes are ½” from the top and bottom and either side of the book.
2. 5 HOLES: Use the same method as the 3 holes, but add 2 additional holes in between the middle and top hole AND between the middle and bottom hole.
3. Use 3 times the height of the book for measurement in thread.
4. SEWING: start in the middle (where you start is where you finish. If you want the sewing to show, start from the outside of the book. If you want the sewing to be on the inside, start on the inside of the book.) Go to either side for the 2nd stitch. Go all the way to the opposite side for the 3rd stitch. Go to the middle to get back to your “start.” Don’t stitch through the thread separating it, it weakens the thread and therefor the book.
*Covers
1. The cover has 2 parts. Cut 2 pieces of paper (cardstock for strength) so 1 matches the width of the book, but longer. The other matches the length of the book, but wider (see illustration in my sketchbook).
2. Fold over sides so that 2 sheets fit the size of the book.
3. Slide pages into the cover. Use the thicker side for the outside of the book, added protection.
*Cover is important, needs to intrigue people to look inside
*Folio= single sheet of paper (folded in half)
*Bookbinder artists use blunt needles for sewing
Tunnel Book
*Front and back needs to be heavy card stock so the viewer can hold onto something strong
*Hinges use lighter paper so they don’t drag the book down in the middle
*Front and back needs to be heavy card stock so the viewer can hold onto something strong
*Hinges use lighter paper so they don’t drag the book down in the middle
Notes from You Tube Videos
#1- Handmade Pop-up Card, 7:39
This design looks like a stack of boxes. You could also decorate to use the design as a cake. I did an example of this for my 3rd book.
#2- DIY Valentine’s Day POP-UP Card, 6:39
This design looks like “I Heart You.” The video was a tutorial based on a Pinterest pattern.
#3- How to make a Wave Pop-Up Card, 3:24
This design looks like a wave using straight cuts. It wasn’t difficult, just needed careful attention to the folds. It had a really cool affect!
#4- Make a Perfect Star with One Cut!, 1:14
This design used a sheet of copy paper (8.5x11) and directed specific folds for a perfect star to be made with one cut. I did an example of this on the cover of my 3rd book.
#5- How to Make Slider Pop-up Card, 2:22
This was a fun design to make a movable “easel” type of card.
#6- DIY 3D Christmas Pop-up Card, 8:06
This was a super adorable Christmas tree design that would be quite easy for upper elementary classes. I did an example of this in my 3rd book.
#1- Handmade Pop-up Card, 7:39
This design looks like a stack of boxes. You could also decorate to use the design as a cake. I did an example of this for my 3rd book.
#2- DIY Valentine’s Day POP-UP Card, 6:39
This design looks like “I Heart You.” The video was a tutorial based on a Pinterest pattern.
#3- How to make a Wave Pop-Up Card, 3:24
This design looks like a wave using straight cuts. It wasn’t difficult, just needed careful attention to the folds. It had a really cool affect!
#4- Make a Perfect Star with One Cut!, 1:14
This design used a sheet of copy paper (8.5x11) and directed specific folds for a perfect star to be made with one cut. I did an example of this on the cover of my 3rd book.
#5- How to Make Slider Pop-up Card, 2:22
This was a fun design to make a movable “easel” type of card.
#6- DIY 3D Christmas Pop-up Card, 8:06
This was a super adorable Christmas tree design that would be quite easy for upper elementary classes. I did an example of this in my 3rd book.
Other Notes...
Artists
*Paul Johnson- British, elementary art teacher and Pop-up artist
*Joan Irvine- American, Pop-up artist
*Paul Jackson- Pop-up artist
*Robert Sabuda- paper engineer
Suppliers (also in my sketchbook notes)
*Colophon Book Art Supply
www.colophonbookarts.com
Bookbinding supplies, marbling, and books on binding and marbling.
Talas
www.talasonline.com
Brooklyn, NY
Most complete selection of bookbinding supplies, tools, equipment, cloth and materials.
Hollander’s
www.hollanders.com
Ann Arbor, MI
Decorative paper and book binding supplies, including lined and unlined sewn text blocks for case binding.
Artists
*Paul Johnson- British, elementary art teacher and Pop-up artist
*Joan Irvine- American, Pop-up artist
*Paul Jackson- Pop-up artist
*Robert Sabuda- paper engineer
Suppliers (also in my sketchbook notes)
*Colophon Book Art Supply
www.colophonbookarts.com
Bookbinding supplies, marbling, and books on binding and marbling.
Talas
www.talasonline.com
Brooklyn, NY
Most complete selection of bookbinding supplies, tools, equipment, cloth and materials.
Hollander’s
www.hollanders.com
Ann Arbor, MI
Decorative paper and book binding supplies, including lined and unlined sewn text blocks for case binding.